Research

Visitor Economy and Experience Research Group

This research group is co-led by Dr Brendan Paddison and Dr Hongrui Zhu.

View of York skyline in autumn, including York Minster

The Visitor Economy continues to be a key sector for growth worldwide and has special relevance for York and its hinterland as a popular tourist destination.

As well as generating substantial economic benefits, tourism raises important issues of sustainability and well-being that require careful management.

Research by the Visitor Economy and Experience Group offers important insights into the tourism experience, tourism education and mindful strategies. Our interventions contribute to the dynamic growth of this sector whist addressing key issues of sustainability.

Group members have a national and international reputation, with an extensive publication record. We also consult with a range of organisations in the development of the visitor economy and experience, tourism strategy and strategic planning.

Our group members are also members of the Protected Landscapes and National Parks projects.

Get in touch

We welcome applications from prospective PhD students who wish to research the Visitor Economy and particularly in the areas outlined above related to:

The Visitor Economy Experience
Visitor Economy Strategy
Visitor Economy Education
Destination Management

We also welcome staff members, researchers, and postgraduate research students from across the University who wish to join the research group and explore these areas.

If you are interested, please contact:

Dr Brendan Paddsion: b.paddison@yorksj.ac.uk
Dr Hongrui Zhu: h.zhu@yorksj.ac.uk

Research activity

The Visitor Economy and Experience Research Group harnesses the expertise of leading international scholars who place justice at the centre of their research. As a university that is leading the way in social and environmental justice, the Visitor Economy and Experience Research Group takes seriously the global challenges facing society and the Visitor Economy's role in moving from a position of 'doing less harm' to 'giving back more than it takes'.

We recognise that the creation and management of successful destinations requires sensitivity to economic, environmental, cultural and social concerns to develop and manage a wide-ranging variety of infrastructures. To appreciate these needs our team takes a holistic approach to the analysis of the visitor economy, employing a diversity of methodological approaches to improve our understanding of how we can best manage tourism development, in contrast to extractive growth, for the health and wellbeing of individuals, society, economy, and the environment.

We welcome collaborations with external partners and encourage applications from interested students at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. We offer:

The research group has addressed several important issues related to the visitor economy experience.

Nature Matters

A love letter to nature and a call to action, Nature Matters uses over a century of archive footage to remind us of our innate relationship with the natural world. Have our fast-paced lives separated us from childhood fascination with flora and fauna, countryside adventures, and knowledge of where our food comes from? This short film explores our need for balance amid resource demands, profit motives, and 'progress,' alongside our fundamental rights to green spaces, clean air, water, and fertile soils. Produced by Yorkshire and North East Film Archives and commissioned by York St John University's Cinema and Social Justice Project, Nature Matters is a prescient warning and positive vision for the future, supported by the National Lottery Heritage Fund.

Nature Matters

REConnect Climate Action

Dr Jenny Hall and Dr Brendan Paddison are leading a longitudinal 5 year project with the North York Moors National Park, which aims to deepen understanding of people's connection to nature, through a public engagement programme. REConnect aims to improve community awareness of the impact of climate change, the consequential biodiversity loss, and the importance of river catchment landscapes. Building on Richardson et al.'s (2020) Pathways to Nature Connectedness, the research will investigate how visitors and residents embody a sense of wellbeing through engaging in species recovery conservation activities in their leisure time. The aim is to understand how engagement in regenerative environmental activities impacts beneficiaries' skills, learning and behaviours, and to appreciate the transformational implications of embedding conservation activities within key stakeholders' leisure time. This will support better human-animal-plant relationships to counter anthropogenic change by influencing ways of thinking and being in nature.

Slowing Down Tourism in the Era of the Anthropocene Symposium

Initiated in 2023, the symposium is a collaboration between leading international research groups comprising The Geographies of Leisure and Tourism Research Group at the Royal Geographical Society, Tourism Education Futures Initiative and TourismRESET. The Symposium is a space to critically reflect and renegotiate leisure, events and tourism in the age of the Anthropocene. Topics cut across philosophical, pedagogical and applied issues of care and wellbeing in the academy.

Slowing Down Tourism Practice

Regenerative Tourism

The Visitor Economy and Experience Research Group has particular expertise in justice issues related to regeneration and regenerative tourism. Dr Brendan Paddison and Dr Jenny Hall have contributed to the emerging discussion that aims to address the failure of the tourism industry to address issues of sustainability. Their work considers how destinations reimagine their future, advocating that a holistic approach that addresses social and ecological perspectives through collaboration, stewardship and environmental ethics is required. Regenerative tourism enables destination communities to develop new ways of thinking and build the capability and capacity to work towards embedding tourism practices and ecological processes that advocate human and non-human health and wellbeing. Their research demonstrates how regenerative practice principles manifest in the interconnections and networks that support the distinctive qualities and needs of local communities. Their research also contributes to understanding how regenerative tourism approaches support cultural revival, as evident in York. Such approaches to tourism management in historic cities highlight the transformative potential of practice-led regenerative development as a tool for addressing tourism development concerns in urban spaces. This work forms an ongoing tourism impact case study.

Partnership Work

Dr Brendan Paddison and Dr Jenny Hall have worked across the City of York and colleagues across the University through the Institute of Social Justice to deliver research with public organisations such as York Archaeological Trust to help the organisation understand how to diversify its visitors and organisation. The team are working with The Good Organisation, which is one of only a handful of specialist social enterprises working within tourism across the UK, to shape a manifesto for inclusive economic growth whilst simultaneously contributing to new thinking to foster community engagement across the tourism and heritage sector.

Intersectional Experiences of Adventure Tourism

Dr Jenny Hall is an international expert on equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in extreme adventure spaces. She has worked with public organisations in the United Kingdom to establish policy and better representation of women in mountaineering. Current work includes developing an EDI toolkit for Mountain Rescue England and Wales. She has written extensively on women's experiences and contributions to Mountaineering and has recently published in a new edited collection exploring hidden stories of Everest 'Other Everest: Other Worlds' and for Oxford University Press 'Mountains, Heritage, and Tourism: Global Pasts and Global Futures'. Jenny is currently working with Professor Clair Hind on a project exploring women walking under dark skies to produce creative scores for the supported walks in the North York Moors.

Further work from group members

Dr Paddison has worked with colleagues at the University of Seville, to investigate the importance of emotions and experience quality on satisfaction (González-Rodríguez, M.R., Domínguez-Quintero, A.M. and Paddison, B. (2020)) and the closely related role of experience quality on authenticity and satisfaction in the context of cultural-heritage tourism (Domínguez-Quintero, A. M., González-Rodríguez, M.R. and Paddison, B. (2020)). This work informed the development of a new visitor survey which evaluates the quality of experience and emotions on visitor satisfaction. Recommendations from our research have been used to inform strategic decision making in Seville, specifically the development of the Seville Post-COVID-19 recovery plan.

Professor Tribe has worked with colleagues to understand some of the negative effects of information technology, the internet and smartphones on the tourism experience (Tribe, J. and Mkono, M. (2017)), as well as investigating how Chinese backpacker groups organise and experience tourism (Cai, W., Cohen, S., and Tribe, J. (2018)).

Dr Hall has worked with co-researchers to understand the embodied, sensory and gendered experiences of tourism and adventure in extreme sporting environments (Avner, Z., Boocock, E., Allin, L. and Hall, J. (2021)). Her research has informed the development of national strategy for Mountain Training, United Kingdom and British Mountaineering Council) concerning female leadership in the outdoors (Hall, J., and Doran, A. (2020)).

Dr Ratcliffe focuses on making connections in National Park landscapes, exploring how sustainable and democratic practices can enhance both visitor experience and environmental conservation.

It is common for most destinations to have a strategy to guide tourism development. We have a particular interest in developing mindful strategies that are designed to bring benefits to host communities over and above the expected economic ones.

Dr Paddison has set out a new approach to public management in tourism (Paddison, B. and Walmsley, A. (2018)) and together with Dr Biggins has advocated for the inclusion of community voices and interests in tourism planning and development (Paddison, B. and Biggins, R. (2017)).

Professor Tribe is the author of a book that offers an accessible practical yet critical guide for those charged with writing a tourism strategy (Tribe, J. (2016)).

At the local level Dr Paddison has established a long-term working relationship with Make It York (a UK tourism organization) as a member of the Visit York Visitor Economy steering group since 2016. In 2020, Dr Paddison was appointed Chair of the newly created York Tourism Advisory Board.

Research led by Dr Paddison has helped Make it York improve its consultation and engagement with its stakeholders, leading to significant improvement in strategic decision-making, substantial increases in visitor numbers, income from tourism and the creation of new jobs. Dr Paddison, Professor Tribe and Dr Hall continue to develop this research and are engaged in exploring new models of governance that will help reimagine a liveable city post Covid-19.

Dr Croft has explored authenticity in tourism strategy-making identifying the plurality of stakeholder voices as the embodiment of the authentic voice of strategy (Croft, C. (2018)). His current research concerns the processes involved in the creation of sustainable tourism indicators (STIs) looking at how knowledge is produced, shared and understood by the respective stakeholders in order to understand the role that STIs play in tourism policy-making and its governance.

Dr Hall's research explores gendered experiences in extreme sporting environments. Dr Hall is currently working on 'restricted' experiences of leisure in the digital world of Zwift and static cycling as result of COVID-19, in partnership with colleagues at Staffordshire University. She is working with co-investigators at Northumbria University and the Outdoor Partnership Trust to understand the experiences and progression routes for young people from low socio-economic backgrounds accessing outdoor leadership opportunities.

Dr Ratcliffe investigates circular economies and sustainability in North Yorkshire, aiming to promote long-term sustainability in local communities.

York Tourism Strategy

As Chair of York's Tourism Advisory Board, Dr Brendan Paddison has been working in collaboration with Make It York, the City of York Council and York BID on the development of a new tourism strategy for the city. The new 8 year tourism strategy for York was officially adopted by the City of York Council on behalf of the city in June 2024.

The Covid-19 pandemic prompted a re-evaluation of global tourism, with York's stakeholders exploring new approaches to create value beyond visitor volume. In response, the York Tourism Advisory Board was relaunched in late 2020, bringing together over 60 stakeholders from across York and the wider region, and works in collaboration with Make It York, the City of York Council and York BID.

The Tourism Advisory Board has been working on the development of a new Tourism Strategy for the city. The tourism strategy sets out a bold new vision for tourism in York. From promoting regenerative practices, to enhancing the wellbeing of York's communities through tourism, the York Tourism Strategy is a comprehensive framework that aligns with the city’s values and aspirations. By engaging with the people who call York home, local businesses, and cultural institutions, the aim is to ensure that tourism becomes a force for positive change, contributing to the city's prosperity and wellbeing.

York's Tourism Strategy is focused on 5 Key Priorities with specific ambitions for the city. These include:

A Regenerative Visitor Economy: York is a responsible, robust and profitable destination with a regenerative visitor economy.
Green York: Our businesses and visitors' commitment proactively contributes to York’s transition to net zero carbon emissions by 2030.
Culture: York is renowned for its heritage, culture and cutting-edge approach to creativity, which attracts cultural tourists and supports the city's regenerative visitor economy.
Residents and Localhood: Local people experience the very best of their city and wider region alongside its visitors, with tourism contributing to the quality of life in York and beyond.
Skills and recruitment: The visitor economy is a first-choice career for school leavers and graduates, businesses invest in upskilling, apprenticeships, training and career development, and commitment to equality, diversity and inclusion.

This is a new era where tourism is not an isolated goal, but an integrated means to sustain an even better quality of life in the city. It commits to preserving York's historical legacy while embracing future opportunities. The strategy serves as a visionary roadmap to elevate the tourism experience for both residents and visitors, fostering community and pride, that is founded on principles of sustainability, inclusivity, and authenticity.

York's new tourism strategy will transform York's approach to tourism, ensuring the city becomes a world-leader in regenerative tourism, that it grows and diversifies its offer responsibly, and that the city maximises tourism's contribution to the economy, employment and the quality of life in York and beyond. The strategy was co-produced by the city, with extensive consultation with a breadth of stakeholders from across York and the wider region.

This is a tourism strategy for the city of York and its success hinges on the spirit of collaboration and insights from businesses, local leaders, residents, and cultural groups, ensuring a comprehensive and inclusive approach.

For more information download the tourism strategy: York Tourism Strategy (PDF, 9.84 MB)

The York Tourism Advisory Board continues to meet monthly. If you would like to know more about the Advisory Board, please contact Dr Brendan Paddison (b.paddison@yorksj.ac.uk).

Professor Tribe’s seminal article The Philosophic Practitioner (Tribe, J. (2002)) had a major influence in setting out not just how to improve professional practice in tourism but, more importantly, how to equip those working in tourism to take responsibility for the stewardship of tourism. Tourism faculties around the world have adapted their tourism courses to reflect these principles.

How does global education in the visitor economy compare with other university courses? Is it of a high quality? These are the questions addressed in an international study in which Professor Tribe participated (Airey, D, Tribe, J., Benckendorff, P. and H. Xiao (2014)). Recent research by Professor Tribe and colleagues has also helped to understand the informal learning that takes place in gap year travel (Johan, N., Sadler Smith, E and Tribe, J. (2018).

York St John University continues to promote cutting edge research on education for the visitor economy through its involvement with the Elsevier Journal of Hospitality, Leisure Sport and Tourism Education where Professor Tribe is Editor-in-Chief and Dr Paddison is specialist subject editor for tourism.

Additionally, Dr Paddison is co-chair of the Tourism Education Futures Initiative (TEFI) which is described as “the leading, forward-looking network that inspires, informs and supports tourism researchers, educators, those working in the sector to passionately and courageously transform the world for the better.” The 2020 TEFI conference was hosted by York St John under the banner of Re-purposing tourism: engaging our radical in tourism education.

Dr Hall is the Treasurer of the Geographies of Leisure and Tourism Research Group, which annually supports a post graduate conference and undergraduate dissertation prize.

Dr Ratcliffe collaborates with Dr Hall on the PRME sustainability research, aiming to integrate sustainability principles into business education.

Social media and tourist experiences

The extent to which posting on social media makes past tourist experiences significant

Charlotte Rhodes

This research aims to explore how creating and sharing content on social media during and after travel experiences enhances their significance. The focus will be on storytelling, authenticity, and extending the experience. The study will also build on existing experience frameworks, with an emphasis on the post-purchase phase and how it impacts the overall experience.

Sense of place in York

'Different cities, different stories'? Sense of place and its implications for residents' use of public spaces in the heritage city of York (2021)

Dr Charlie Croft

This study explores the relationship between sense of place and the way that individuals use (or do not use) public spaces across the city of York.

Focusing on embodied engagement, it seeks to understand how everyday use of public space is influenced by the individual’s relationship with place, their affective response to it, the understandings, beliefs, feelings and emotions that they have about it, as well as what is said about it.

The study finds that citizens engage with spaces on terms that do not necessarily accord with the 'official' meaning or purpose but rather to the extent that they are able to draw them into assemblage with the particular life experiences that are core to the development of their individual subjectivity.

It points to the need for the local authority to adopt more holistic ways of engaging residents in thinking about the future development of the city where material and human considerations are consciously held together as of equal importance to sense of place.

Airey, D., Tribe, J., Benckendorff, P., and Xiao, H. (2015). The managerial gaze: The long tail of tourism education and research. Journal of Travel Research, 54(2), 139-151.

Avner, Z., Boocock, E., Allin, L., and Hall., J. (2021). 'Lines of Flight or Tethered Wings'? Analysis of women-only adventure skills courses in the United Kingdom. Somatechnics. (Pending Publication).

Avner, Z., Boocock, E., Hall, J., and Allin, L. (2020). 'Lines of Flight or Tethered Wings'? A Deleuzian Analysis of Women-only: Adventure Skills Courses in the United Kingdom. Somatechnics, 11(3), pp. 432 – 450. doi.org/10.3366/soma.2021.0369

Boluk, K., Paddison, B. and Edelheim, J. (2022). A Collective Memory Work Reflection on Planning and Pivoting to a Virtual TEFI11 Conference, Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism.

Burns, A., Hall, J., and Paddison, B. (2024) The Dark Matters.

Burns, A., Relton, G., Hall, M., and Hall, J. (2023). Nature Matters. Yorkshire & North East Film Archive.

Cai, W., Cohen, S. A., and Tribe, J. (2019). Harmony rules in Chinese backpacker groups. Annals of Tourism Research, 75, 120-130.

Croft, C. (2018). Hearing the authentic voice of stakeholders? Implications for governance of tourism strategy-making. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(14), 1670-1689.

Domínguez-Quintero, A. M., González-Rodríguez, M. R., and Paddison, B. (2020). The mediating role of experience quality on authenticity and satisfaction in the context of cultural-heritage tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(2), 248-260.

González-Rodríguez, M. R., Domínguez-Quintero, A. M., and Paddison, B. (2020). The direct and indirect influence of experience quality on satisfaction: the importance of emotions. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(22), 2779-2797.

Hall, J. (2018). Women Mountaineers and affect: Fear, Play and the Unknown. In: Saul, H., Waterton, E. eds. Affective Geographies of Transformation, Exploration and Adventure: Rethinking Frontiers. London, Routledge, pp.147 - 164.

Hall, J., (2023). Julie Tullis: Sensory politics and climbing the Mountain of Mountains: In M. Hall and J. Hall, (Eds), Mountains and the Politics of Representation. Liverpool University Press.

Hall, J., and Boocock, E. (2023). Embodying indigeneity in the mountains: Creating inclusive adventure spaces for Welsh women, United Kingdom. Tourism Cases, CABI Digital Library. doi/10.1079/tourism.2023.0015

Hall, J., Boocock, E., and Avner, Z. (Eds.). (2023). Gender Politics and Change in Mountaineering: Moving mountains. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-031-29944-5, doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29945-2

Hall, J., and Miller, M. (2023). Troubling the silences of adventure legacies: Junko Tabei and the intersectional politics of mountaineering. In. J. Hall, E. Boocock and Z. Avner, (Eds), Gender Politics and Change in Mountaineering: Moving Mountains. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-031-29944-5 doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29945-2

Hall, J., and Brown, M. K. (2022) Creating feelings of inclusion in adventure tourism: lessons from the gendered sensory and affective politics of professional mountaineering. Annals of Tourism Research, 97, 103505. doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2022.103505

Hall, J., and Doran, A. (2020) Researching Female Mountaineers, United Kingdom. Capel Curig, Mountain Training UK (Unpublished Report). ray.yorksj.ac.uk/id/eprint/4625/

Hall, M., and Hall, J. (Eds.). (2023). Mountains and the Politics of Representation. Liverpool University Press. ISBN:9781837645060

Hill, A., Hall, J., and Paddison, B. (in press). Mediating night-time culture in the historic city: Re-purposing growth economics in heritage tourism. In M. Garcia-Ruiz, and J. Nofre (Eds.) Understanding Nighttime Tourism, Edward Elgar, (pp.)

Johan, N., Sadler-Smith, E., and Tribe, J. (2019). Informal and incidental learning in the liminal space of extended independent (gap-year) travel. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 18(3), 388-413.

Mkono, M., and Tribe, J. (2017). Beyond reviewing: Uncovering the multiple roles of tourism social media users. Journal of travel research, 56(3), 287-298.

Paddison, B., and Biggins, R. (2017). Advocating community integrated destination marketing planning in heritage destinations: the case of York. Journal of Marketing Management, 33(9-10), 835-857.

Paddison, B., and Hall, J. (2022). Tourism policy, spatial justice and COVID-19: lessons from a tourist-historic city. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(12), 2809–2824. doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2095391

Paddison, B., and Hall, J. (2024). Regenerative tourism development as a response to crisis: harnessing practise-led approaches. Tourism Geographies, 1–18. doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2024.2381071

Paddison, B., and Hall, J. (in press). Spatial justice in the tourist-historic city: Reimagining policymaking and governance in times of crisis. In P Torabian and J., N. Albrecht, (Eds.), Justice in tourism destinations: Avenues for governance and policy. Routledge.

Paddison, B., and Walmsley, A. (2018). New Public Management in tourism: A case study of York. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(6), 910-926.

Tribe, J. (2002). The philosophic practitioner. Annals of tourism research, 29(2), 338-357.

Tribe, J. (2016). Strategy for tourism. Oxford, Goodfellow Publisher Limited.

Tribe, J., and Paddison, B. (2021). 'Degrees of change: Activating philosophic practitioners', Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 91

Waterton, E., Hoffmann, T., Hall, J., and Saul., H. (in press). Mountains, Heritage, and Tourism: Global Pasts and Global Futures. In H., Saul and E., Waterton, Mountains. Oxford University Press, (pp.).

Projects

Starry night sky above silhouetted trees

The Dark Matters

Dr Jenny Hall and Dr Brendan Paddison are leading a 'The Dark Matters' research project in partnership with the North York Moors National Park, United Kingdom. Read more on The Dark Matters project page.

The Dark Matters

Events, hospitality and tourism students in seminar working at laptop

Degrees of Change

Degrees of Change is a new collaborative project run by Dr Brendan Paddison and Professor John Tribe, encouraging tourism and hospitality students to be change makers. Find out more about the project and how to join, go to the Degrees of Change page.

Degrees of change

Protected Landscapes and National Parks

Members of the Visitor Economy and Experience Research Group are part of research from York Business School with protected landscapes and National Parks.

Protected landscapes and National Parks

Publications by group members

Boluk, K., van Thiel, J.H., Hine, F. and Paddison, B. (2024) Examining the role of tourism social enterprise Venezia Autentica in responding to overtourism and progressing the Sustainable Development Goals. In International Case Studies in Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Tourism (pp. 73-80). Routledge: London. doi.org/10.4337/9781802203219.00024

Burns, A., Hall, J., and Paddison, B. (2024) The Dark Matters.

Chong, E.K., Chan, A.K., Wong, M.Y., Lee, M.Y. and Cheung, L.T.O. (2024) Who intended to leave? Patterns and impacts of Hong Kong's recent wave of migration. Population Space and Place, e2781.

Fang, W., Gou, G.R., Cheung, L.T.O.*, Fok, L., Chow, A.S. and Zhang, K. (2024) An investigation of willingness to pay for geopark management and conservation: A case study of geotourists in the Greater China Region. Resources, 13(2), 24.

Gou, G.R., Fang, W., Cheung, L.T.O.*, Fok, L., Chow, A.S. and Zhang, K. (2024) Understanding the determinants of geologically responsible behaviour among geotourists: A multi-destination analysis. Tourism and Hospitality, 5(1), 1-15.

Hall, J. (2024) Women on Everest: a summit beyond. In J. Westaway, P., Hansen, P. and Gilchrist, eds. Other Everests: One Mountain, Many Worlds (Manchester: Manchester University Press) manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk/9781526179166/other-everests/

Hall, J., Paddison, B. and Moisieiev, D. (2024) North York Moors National Park Resident Survey 2024. North York Moors National Park (Published Report). northyorkmoors.org.uk/tourism/residents-survey

Hepworth-Sawyer, R., Marrington, M., Hall, J. and Beaumont, E., (Eds.). (in press) Contemporary Applied Enterprise & Entrepreneurship in Context. Routledge.

Hill, A., Hall, J. and Paddison, B. (in press) Mediating night-time culture in the historic city: Re-purposing growth economics in heritage tourism. In M. Garcia-Ruiz, and J. Nofre (Eds.) Understanding Nighttime Tourism, Edward Elgar

Lee, M.Y.K., Wong, M.Y., Chan, A.K.W., Chong, E.K.M. and Cheung, L.T.O. (2024) Do people feel they belong? Socio-political factors shaping the place attachment of Hong Kong citizens. Geographical Research, 62(1), 181-193.

Lee, S., Benjamin, S., Boluk, K. and Paddison, B. (2024) Caring for our graduate academy, Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, Vol. 35, doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2024.100497

Lo, A.Y., Liu, S. and Cheung, L.T.O. (2024) Political-economic transformation and the reproduction of climate change vulnerability of a high-income city. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 101, 104234.

Ma, A.T., Cheung, L.T.O.*, Lui, C.Y., Chow, A.S., Zhang, K., Lam, T.W. and Fok, L. (2024) Beneath the lens: Exploring the impacts of underwater photographers in marine-based tourism. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 47, 100796.

Paddison, B. and Hall, J. (2024) Regenerative tourism development as a response to crisis: harnessing practise-led approaches. Tourism Geographies, 1–18. doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2024.2381071

Paddison, B. and Hall, J. (in press) Spatial justice in the tourist-historic city: Reimagining policymaking and governance in times of crisis. In P Torabian and J., N. Albrecht, (Eds.), Justice in Tourism Destinations: Avenues for Governance and Policy. Routledge.

Paddison, B., Hall, J., Radcliffe, T., Biggins, B., Alexiou, A. and Hyde, B. (2024) Diversification of visitors and organisation. York Archaeology Trust (Unpublished Report)

Ratcliffe, T. (2024) Voices in a contested landscape: community participation and upland management in the North York Moors National Park. Landscape Research. doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2024.2329600

Ratcliffe, T. (2024) Walking Methodologies in the Uplands of the North York Moors National Park. Sociological Research Online, doi.org/10.1177/13607804241275350

Tribe, J. and Paddison, B. (2024) Paths from knowledge and theory development to impact, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 104, doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2023.103687

van Thiel, J.H., Hine, F., Boluk, K.A. and Paddison, B. (2024) Building a case for social enterprise to mobilise the SDGs in tourism: Venezia Autentica. In The Elgar Companion to Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals (pp. 231-245). Edward Elgar Publishing: London.

Waterton, E., Hoffmann, T., Hall, J. and Saul., H. (in press) Mountains, Heritage, and Tourism: Global Pasts and Global Futures. In H., Saul and E., Waterton, Mountains. Oxford University Press.

Wong, G.K., Ma, A.T., Cheung, L.T.O., Lo, A.Y. and Jim, C.Y. (2024) Visiting urban green space as a climate-change adaptation strategy: Exploring push factors in a push–pull framework. Climate Risk Management, 43, 100589.

Zhang, K., Cheung, L.T.O.*, Lam, T.W., Ma, A.T. and Fok, L. (2024) Exploring the role of determinants affecting responsible underwater behaviour of marine-based tourists. Behavioral Sciences, 14(2), 141.

Zhu, H. (2024) Navigating through Transnational Experiences of Chinese Working Holiday Makers in New Zealand. Tourism Cases, tourism202400054.

Burns, A., Relton, G., Hall, M. and Hall, J. (2023) Nature Matters. Yorkshire & North East Film Archive.

Ghaderi, Z., Esfehani, M. H. (2121), Community attitude and altruistic behaviours towards conservation: the application of Reciprocal Altruism Theory. Journal of Ecotourism, DOI. 10.1080/14724049.2021.1991934.

Hall, J. (2023) Julie Tullis: Sensory politics and climbing the Mountain of Mountains: In M. Hall and J. Hall, (Eds), Mountains and the Politics of Representation. Liverpool University Press.

Hall, J. and Boocock, E. (2023) Embodying Indigeneity in the mountains: Creating inclusive adventure spaces for Welsh Women, UK, Tourism Cases [Preprint]. doi.org/10.1079/tourism.2023.0015.

Hall, J., Boocock, E. and Avner, Z. (2023) Contextualizing gender and transformational spaces in mountaineering adventure sports and leisure. In J. Hall, E. Boocock, and Z. Avner, (Eds.), Gender, Politics and Change in Mountaineering: Moving Mountains. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-031-29944-5 doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29945-2

Hall, J., Boocock, E. and Avner, Z. (Eds.). (2023) Gender Politics and Change in Mountaineering: Moving Mountains. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-031-29944-5, doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29945-2

Hall, J. and Hall, M. (2023) Conclusion: Mountains & the politics of representation. In M. Hall and J. Hall, (Eds.), Mountains and the Politics of Representation. Liverpool University Press. ISBN:9781837645060

Hall, J. and Hall, M. (2023) Introduction: Mountains & the politics of representation. In M. Hall and J. Hall, (Eds.), Mountains and the Politics of Representation. Liverpool University Press. ISBN:9781837645060

Hall, J. and Miller, M. (2023) Troubling the silences of adventure legacies: Junko Tabei and the intersectional politics of mountaineering. In. J. Hall, E. Boocock and Z. Avner, (Eds), Gender Politics and Change in Mountaineering: Moving Mountains. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-031-29944-5 doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29945-2

Hall, M. and Hall, J. (Eds.). (2023) Mountains and the Politics of Representation. Liverpool University Press. ISBN:9781837645060

Tribe, J. and Paddison, B. (2023) Critical tourism strategy, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 98 doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2022.103511

Tribe, J. and Paddison, B. (2023) Lost tourism, Tourism Management Perspectives, Vol. 48 doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101163

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